perfect-postcode/finder/scraper.py

import logging
import random
import threading
import time
from dataclasses import dataclass, field

import polars as pl

from constants import ARCGIS_PATH, CHANNELS, DATA_DIR, DELAY_BETWEEN_OUTCODES, SEED
from http_client import make_client
from metrics import (
    scrape_elapsed_seconds,
    scrape_errors_total,
    scrape_outcodes_done,
    scrape_outcodes_total,
    scrape_properties_total,
    scrape_state,
)
from rightmove import resolve_outcode_id, search_outcode
from spatial import PostcodeSpatialIndex
from storage import write_parquet

log = logging.getLogger("rightmove")


@dataclass
class ScrapeStatus:
    state: str = "idle"  # idle | running | done | error
    channel: str = ""
    outcode: str = ""
    outcodes_done: int = 0
    outcodes_total: int = 0
    properties_buy: int = 0
    properties_rent: int = 0
    errors: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
    started_at: float = 0.0
    finished_at: float = 0.0


status = ScrapeStatus()
status_lock = threading.Lock()


def _sync_gauges() -> None:
    """Push current ScrapeStatus values into Prometheus gauges. Must hold status_lock."""
    for state in ("idle", "running", "done", "error"):
        scrape_state.labels(state=state).set(1 if status.state == state else 0)
    scrape_outcodes_done.set(status.outcodes_done)
    scrape_outcodes_total.set(status.outcodes_total)
    scrape_properties_total.labels(channel="buy").set(status.properties_buy)
    scrape_properties_total.labels(channel="rent").set(status.properties_rent)
    if status.started_at:
        end = status.finished_at if status.finished_at else time.time()
        scrape_elapsed_seconds.set(end - status.started_at)
    else:
        scrape_elapsed_seconds.set(0)


def load_outcodes() -> list[str]:
    """Load England-only outcodes from arcgis parquet."""
    log.info("Loading outcodes from %s", ARCGIS_PATH)
    df = pl.read_parquet(ARCGIS_PATH, columns=["pcd", "ctry", "lat", "long"])
    england = df.filter(pl.col("ctry") == "E92000001")
    log.info("England postcodes: %d", len(england))

    outcodes = (
        england.select(pl.col("pcd").str.extract(r"^([A-Z]{1,2}\d[A-Z0-9]?)", 1).alias("outcode"))
        .drop_nulls()
        .get_column("outcode")
        .unique()
        .sort()
        .to_list()
    )
    log.info("Unique England outcodes: %d", len(outcodes))
    return outcodes


def build_postcode_index() -> PostcodeSpatialIndex:
    """Build spatial index from arcgis England postcodes."""
    log.info("Building postcode spatial index from %s", ARCGIS_PATH)
    df = pl.read_parquet(ARCGIS_PATH, columns=["pcd", "ctry", "lat", "long"])
    england = df.filter(pl.col("ctry") == "E92000001").drop_nulls(subset=["lat", "long"])
    return PostcodeSpatialIndex(
        england.get_column("lat").to_list(),
        england.get_column("long").to_list(),
        england.get_column("pcd").to_list(),
    )


def run_scrape(outcodes: list[str], pc_index: PostcodeSpatialIndex) -> None:
    """Main scrape loop — runs in background thread."""
    global status
    with status_lock:
        status.state = "running"
        status.started_at = time.time()
        status.errors = []
        status.properties_buy = 0
        status.properties_rent = 0
        _sync_gauges()

    # Shuffle for geographic diversity
    shuffled = list(outcodes)
    random.seed(SEED)
    random.shuffle(shuffled)

    client = make_client()

    try:
        for channel_cfg in CHANNELS:
            channel_name = channel_cfg["channel"]
            file_suffix = "buy" if channel_name == "BUY" else "rent"
            all_properties: dict[int, dict] = {}  # dedup by id

            with status_lock:
                status.channel = channel_name
                status.outcodes_done = 0
                status.outcodes_total = len(shuffled)

            log.info("=== Starting %s channel (%d outcodes) ===", channel_name, len(shuffled))

            for i, outcode in enumerate(shuffled):
                with status_lock:
                    status.outcode = outcode
                    status.outcodes_done = i

                log.debug("Outcode %s (%d/%d) — %d properties so far",
                          outcode, i + 1, len(shuffled), len(all_properties))

                try:
                    outcode_id = resolve_outcode_id(client, outcode)
                    if not outcode_id:
                        log.debug("No Rightmove ID for outcode %s, skipping", outcode)
                        continue

                    props = search_outcode(client, outcode_id, outcode, channel_cfg, pc_index)
                    for p in props:
                        pid = p["id"]
                        if pid not in all_properties:
                            all_properties[pid] = p

                    with status_lock:
                        if channel_name == "BUY":
                            status.properties_buy = len(all_properties)
                        else:
                            status.properties_rent = len(all_properties)
                        _sync_gauges()

                    log.info("Outcode %s: got %d properties (total: %d)", outcode, len(props), len(all_properties))

                except Exception as e:
                    msg = f"Error scraping {outcode}/{channel_name}: {e}"
                    log.error(msg)
                    scrape_errors_total.inc()
                    with status_lock:
                        status.errors.append(msg)

                if i < len(shuffled) - 1:
                    time.sleep(DELAY_BETWEEN_OUTCODES)

            # Write parquet
            deduped = list(all_properties.values())
            output_path = DATA_DIR / f"online_listings_{file_suffix}.parquet"
            write_parquet(deduped, output_path, channel=file_suffix)

            with status_lock:
                if channel_name == "BUY":
                    status.properties_buy = len(deduped)
                else:
                    status.properties_rent = len(deduped)
                status.outcodes_done = len(shuffled)
                _sync_gauges()

            log.info("=== %s channel complete: %d unique properties ===", channel_name, len(deduped))

        with status_lock:
            status.state = "done"
            status.finished_at = time.time()
            _sync_gauges()
            elapsed = status.finished_at - status.started_at
            log.info("Scrape complete in %.0fs — buy: %d, rent: %d",
                     elapsed, status.properties_buy, status.properties_rent)

    except Exception as e:
        log.exception("Fatal scrape error")
        with status_lock:
            status.state = "error"
            status.errors.append(f"Fatal: {e}")
            status.finished_at = time.time()
            _sync_gauges()
    finally:
        client.close()