fix greenspace and add more schools

This commit is contained in:
Andras Schmelczer 2026-03-25 08:06:16 +00:00
parent 3a3e249bdd
commit 9cd2b8849c
4 changed files with 161 additions and 61 deletions

View file

@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
"""Download OS Open Greenspace and extract site centroids.
"""Download OS Open Greenspace and extract access points.
Downloads the OS Open Greenspace dataset as ESRI Shapefile, computes
WGS84 centroids for each greenspace site polygon, and outputs a parquet
with lat/lng/category columns compatible with the POI proximity pipeline.
Downloads the OS Open Greenspace dataset as ESRI Shapefile and extracts
access point locations (park entrances). Each access point is tagged with
its parent site's function type (e.g. Public Park Or Garden). Sites without
access points fall back to polygon centroids.
Using access points rather than polygon centroids gives much more accurate
distance calculations a property next to Hyde Park won't show 400m just
because the centroid is in the middle of the park.
Source: https://osdatahub.os.uk/downloads/open/OpenGreenspace
License: Open Government Licence v3.0
@ -25,6 +30,115 @@ URL = "https://api.os.uk/downloads/v1/products/OpenGreenspace/downloads?area=GB&
_to_wgs84 = Transformer.from_crs("EPSG:27700", "EPSG:4326", always_xy=True)
def _find_field(field_names: list[str], *needles: str) -> int | None:
"""Find the index of the first field whose lowercased name contains any needle."""
for i, name in enumerate(field_names):
lower = name.lower()
for needle in needles:
if needle in lower:
return i
return None
def _read_site_functions(shp_path: Path) -> dict[str, str]:
"""Build a mapping from site ID → function type from the GreenspaceSite shapefile."""
reader = shp.Reader(str(shp_path), encoding="latin-1")
field_names = [f[0] for f in reader.fields[1:]]
id_idx = _find_field(field_names, "id")
func_idx = _find_field(field_names, "funct")
if id_idx is None or func_idx is None:
raise ValueError(f"Missing id/function fields. Available: {field_names}")
site_funcs = {}
for rec in reader.iterRecords():
site_funcs[rec[id_idx]] = rec[func_idx]
print(f" Loaded {len(site_funcs):,} site function mappings")
return site_funcs
def _read_access_points(
shp_path: Path, site_funcs: dict[str, str]
) -> tuple[list[float], list[float], list[str]]:
"""Read access points, tagging each with its parent site's function."""
reader = shp.Reader(str(shp_path), encoding="latin-1")
field_names = [f[0] for f in reader.fields[1:]]
# The access point shapefile has a reference field linking to the parent site
ref_idx = _find_field(field_names, "refto", "ref_to", "greensp")
if ref_idx is None:
raise ValueError(
f"No site reference field found in access points. Available: {field_names}"
)
lats: list[float] = []
lngs: list[float] = []
categories: list[str] = []
skipped = 0
for sr in reader.shapeRecords():
site_id = sr.record[ref_idx]
func = site_funcs.get(site_id)
if func is None:
skipped += 1
continue
try:
geom = to_shapely(sr.shape.__geo_interface__)
if geom.is_empty:
continue
lng, lat = _to_wgs84.transform(geom.x, geom.y)
except Exception:
continue
lats.append(lat)
lngs.append(lng)
categories.append(func)
if skipped:
print(f" Skipped {skipped:,} access points with unknown site ID")
return lats, lngs, categories
def _read_site_centroids(
shp_path: Path, site_funcs: dict[str, str], covered_ids: set[str]
) -> tuple[list[float], list[float], list[str]]:
"""Read polygon centroids for sites that have no access points (fallback)."""
reader = shp.Reader(str(shp_path), encoding="latin-1")
field_names = [f[0] for f in reader.fields[1:]]
id_idx = _find_field(field_names, "id")
func_idx = _find_field(field_names, "funct")
if id_idx is None or func_idx is None:
return [], [], []
lats: list[float] = []
lngs: list[float] = []
categories: list[str] = []
for sr in reader.shapeRecords():
site_id = sr.record[id_idx]
if site_id in covered_ids:
continue
func = sr.record[func_idx]
try:
geom = to_shapely(sr.shape.__geo_interface__)
if geom.is_empty or not geom.is_valid:
continue
centroid = geom.centroid
lng, lat = _to_wgs84.transform(centroid.x, centroid.y)
except Exception:
continue
lats.append(lat)
lngs.append(lng)
categories.append(func)
return lats, lngs, categories
def download_greenspace(output: Path) -> None:
output.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
@ -35,77 +149,54 @@ def download_greenspace(output: Path) -> None:
download(URL, zip_path, timeout=300)
extract_zip(zip_path, extract_dir)
# Find the GreenspaceSite shapefile (not the AccessPoint one)
shp_files = list(extract_dir.rglob("*GreenspaceSite*.shp"))
if not shp_files:
shp_files = [
f
for f in extract_dir.rglob("*.shp")
if "AccessPoint" not in f.name
]
if not shp_files:
raise FileNotFoundError(
"No GreenspaceSite shapefile found in download"
)
# Find both shapefiles
site_shps = list(extract_dir.rglob("*GreenspaceSite*.shp"))
access_shps = list(extract_dir.rglob("*AccessPoint*.shp"))
print(f"Reading {shp_files[0].name}...")
reader = shp.Reader(str(shp_files[0]), encoding="latin-1")
if not site_shps:
raise FileNotFoundError("No GreenspaceSite shapefile found")
if not access_shps:
raise FileNotFoundError("No AccessPoint shapefile found")
# Find the "function" field (greenspace type)
field_names = [f[0] for f in reader.fields[1:]] # skip deletion flag
func_field = None
for name in field_names:
if "funct" in name.lower():
func_field = name
break
if func_field is None:
raise ValueError(
f"No 'function' field found. Available: {field_names}"
)
func_idx = field_names.index(func_field)
# Step 1: Build site ID → function mapping
print(f"Reading {site_shps[0].name} for function types...")
site_funcs = _read_site_functions(site_shps[0])
# Find a name field if available
name_idx = None
for name in field_names:
if "distname" in name.lower():
name_idx = field_names.index(name)
break
# Step 2: Read access points (primary — park entrances)
print(f"Reading {access_shps[0].name}...")
ap_lats, ap_lngs, ap_cats = _read_access_points(access_shps[0], site_funcs)
print(f" {len(ap_lats):,} access points loaded")
lats = []
lngs = []
categories = []
names = []
# Step 3: Fall back to centroids for sites without any access points
covered_ids = set()
reader = shp.Reader(str(access_shps[0]), encoding="latin-1")
field_names = [f[0] for f in reader.fields[1:]]
ref_idx = _find_field(field_names, "refto", "ref_to", "greensp")
if ref_idx is not None:
for rec in reader.iterRecords():
covered_ids.add(rec[ref_idx])
for sr in reader.shapeRecords():
func = sr.record[func_idx]
site_name = sr.record[name_idx] if name_idx is not None else ""
print("Adding centroids for sites without access points...")
fb_lats, fb_lngs, fb_cats = _read_site_centroids(
site_shps[0], site_funcs, covered_ids
)
print(f" {len(fb_lats):,} centroid fallbacks added")
try:
geom = to_shapely(sr.shape.__geo_interface__)
if geom.is_empty or not geom.is_valid:
continue
centroid = geom.centroid
lng, lat = _to_wgs84.transform(centroid.x, centroid.y)
except Exception:
continue
lats.append(lat)
lngs.append(lng)
categories.append(func)
names.append(site_name or "")
lats = ap_lats + fb_lats
lngs = ap_lngs + fb_lngs
categories = ap_cats + fb_cats
df = pl.DataFrame(
{
"lat": np.array(lats, dtype=np.float64),
"lng": np.array(lngs, dtype=np.float64),
"category": categories,
"name": names,
}
)
df.write_parquet(output)
size_mb = output.stat().st_size / (1024 * 1024)
print(f"Wrote {output} ({size_mb:.1f} MB, {len(df):,} greenspace sites)")
print(f"Wrote {output} ({size_mb:.1f} MB, {len(df):,} points)")
counts = df.group_by("category").len().sort("len", descending=True)
for row in counts.iter_rows(named=True):
@ -114,7 +205,7 @@ def download_greenspace(output: Path) -> None:
def main() -> None:
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description="Download OS Open Greenspace site centroids"
description="Download OS Open Greenspace access points"
)
parser.add_argument(
"--output", type=Path, required=True, help="Output parquet file path"

View file

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from io import BytesIO
from pathlib import Path
PROTOMAPS_BASE = "https://build.protomaps.com"
UK_BBOX = "-10.5,49.5,2.5,61"
UK_BBOX = "-10.5,49,5,61"
MAX_AGE_DAYS = 14